Sunday, August 30, 2009

AP BIOLOGY

1.Cuticle Layer of a Plan: The cuticle is a non-cellular protective layer covering the outer cell layer (epidermis) of the green, aerial parts of land plants. Cuticles protect plants against dessication, UV radiation and various kinds of physical, chemical and (micro) biological agents.



2. Bilateral Symmetry
:
Symmetry in biology is the balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes. The body plans of most multicellular organisms exhibit some form of symmetry, either radial symmetry or bilateral symmetry or "spherical symmetry". Bilateral means two-sided. Below are two types of bilateral symmetry seen in leaves.



3. Heterotroph:
An organism that cannot synthesize its own food and is dependent on complex organic substances for nutrition. Below are two different types of snakes, both of whom eat other organisms (i.e. mice) in order to gain energy.



4. Same Order, but a Different Family: Below are frogs exhibiting different colors and spot sizes, but are ultimately from different family. The last picture is of the the same, only with birds.



5. Modified Root of a Plant (carrots): In the example below, the carrots and radishes end-tips are already cut off so that we can eat it without worrying about the leafy-greens.



6. Exoskeleton: A hard outer structure, such as the shell of an insect or crustacean, that provides protection or support for an organism. In the examples below, there are crabs and lobsters both having their tough shell.



7. Genetic Variation within a Population: Genetic variation, variation in alleles of genes, occurs both within and among populations. The pictures below are of different colored bell peppers and different colored apples.



8. Sporophyte: The spore-producing phase in the life cycle of a plant that exhibits alternation of generations.



9. Radial Symmetry:
Symmetry in biology is the balanced distribution of duplicate body parts or shapes. The body plans of most muticellular organisms exhibit some form of symmetry, either radial symmetry or bilateral symmetry or "spherical symmetry". Radial means made in the direction of a radius.




10. Modified Stem of a Plant: The pictures below show an onion who's stem has been cut off (the leafy-greens aren't attatched, but it's close to it).

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